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Title IX and the development of the Clery Act has been around since 1972. Title IX prohibits sex discrimination in education programs that receive federal funding. In 1990, the Clery Act was enacted. It deals with campus safety and security. Under the Clery Act, schools are required to collect and classify crime statistics as well as issue timely warnings and emergency notifications. In 2013, there was a major change to the Clery Act, which was the reauthorization of the Violence Against Women Act. Three new categories were also added: domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking. Latest new regulations became effective in August 2020. One of the overriding goals with these new regulations is to create a process that is fair to the complainants and respondents. In June 2020, there was a U.S. Supreme Court case that dealt with sex discrimination in an employment context, and the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that firing an individual for being homosexual or transgender was impermissible sex discrimination.
Title IX covers sexual harassment. VAWA covers domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking. Additionally, Title IX's definition of sexual harassment includes domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking.
Another issue that is important for schools is how a school policy coordinates with drug-free school policies. Schools are required to have a drug free school policy.